Milton, like many other English poets, wanted to write the “Great English Epic.” Spenser, for example, wrote The Faerie Queene, and each attempt at an epic poem included some key elements from the traditions of the works of Homer and Virgil. One such tradition was invoking the muse at the beginning of the work.
For Paradise Lost that idea seems more than a little pagan and strange since it tells a Christian story – and the muses are not so much a part of Christianity. Milton found a pretty good way around that: he refers not to mythological muses, but the muse which inspired the writing of the Bible itself. So, even Paradise Lost starts out to follow the path of the epic poem.
Paradise Lost was also taken to be a definitive work of apologetics by many people, and was carried around as an addition to the Bible – as Milton put it, to “justify the ways of God to man” (and I quote that loosely) – but the interesting thing is that it led to many misconceptions about the story of Genesis.
The most obvious one is that in Genesis the fruit of the tree in the midst of the garden is pretty much just called the fruit of the tree in the midst of the garden of which ye shall not eat (again, quoting loosely from the KJV), but thanks to Milton everyone knows it had to be an apple.
The second idea, which isn’t quite so prevalent, is that Christ volunteered to go die to pay for the sins of mankind as a whole. It’s not necessarily true or untrue, but it is a strange way Milton had of seperating aspects of a tripartate God unto three seperate entities instead of one entity with three distinct facets. (My dad compares that to cherry pie: you have three distinct parts; a top crust, a bottom crust, and a filling – but it’s all still just one pie. Crude, but somehow accurate.) The act of Christ as a seperate entity volunteering out of all the beings in heaven is interesting, and it also seems to make that sacrifice more “divine” in some ways. Though, even in the Bible Christ acts willingly and clearly as the Divine in human flesh the Son was seperate to some extent from the Father as we would understand it. It’s the being seperate in Heaven part that gets me.
Last of all, Satan/Lucifer is introduced as an anti-hero. He presents himself as a hero fighting for liberation from God’s rule – a freedom fighter instead of an upstart, or a purely selfish being. Some people speculate that Milton was (mayhap unwittingly) batting for the other team (Evil, not homosexuals. Get your mind out of the gutter.) when he wrote his portrayal of Satan.
All in all, an interesting work – and a pretty good example of an Epic.
Also, I’m reading it for class.
Tags: Adam and Eve, apple, Christ, Christianity, Evil, Garden of Eden, God, Good, salvation, Satan, serpent